Differences in Arabic-Indonesian Vocabulary Absorption in Religious Terms: Phonological Studies

The purpose of this study was to find out the differences in the forms of the process of absorption of vocabulary in religious terms from Arabic into Indonesian and to find out the differences in the spelling of the absorption of the same vocabulary from Arabic into Indonesian. This study used method with a library study approach. Library Studies is an approach in research that involves an analysis of existing sources of information. This approach aims to gather knowledge through analysis of literature similar to current research. The results of this study indicate that some of the vocabulary in Indonesian is the absorption of foreign languages, one of which comes from Arabic. The arrival of the Arabs to Indonesia around the 7th century AD had the aim of trading, besides that they also spread Islam, which until now has become the majority religion in Indonesia. language absorption processes have many classifications, but in this study the researchers focused on four classifications of word absorption processes, namely Lenition, with an example of the absorption of the Arabic word “Aqidatun” to “Akidah”. Multiple Consonants, foe the example the word “Tasawwuf” to “Tasawuf”. Alpheresis, An example of the

The purpose of this study was to find out the differences in the forms of the process of absorption of vocabulary in religious terms from Arabic into Indonesian and to find out the differences in the spelling of the absorption of the same vocabulary from Arabic into Indonesian. This study used method with a library study approach. Library Studies is an approach in research that involves an analysis of existing sources of information. This approach aims to gather knowledge through analysis of literature similar to current research. The results of this study indicate that some of the vocabulary in Indonesian is the absorption of foreign languages, one of which comes from Arabic. The arrival of the Arabs to Indonesia around the 7th century AD had the aim of trading, besides that they also spread Islam, which until now has become the majority religion in Indonesia. language absorption processes have many classifications, but in this study the researchers focused on four classifications of word absorption processes, namely Lenition, with an example of the absorption of the Arabic word "Aqidatun" to "Akidah". Multiple Consonants, foe the example the word "Tasawwuf" to "Tasawuf". Alpheresis, An example of the 2) Adaptation. Adaptation of loanwords refers to the process of changing loanwords from foreign languages to be more in accordance with the rules and patterns of the language used in the borrowed language, in order to facilitate understanding of the use of vocabulary in the context of that language. 3)Direct translatation, the meaning of translation in loanwords refers to the process of translating words, phrases or expressions from one language to another while maintaining their original form. Some Indonesian vocabulary is the result of the absorption of other foreign languages, one of which is Arabic, (Rizal 2019) . The influence of the absorption of Arabic into Indonesian is due to the adoption of several Arabic vocabulary words, especially in religious terms. Because the Arabic language and the Islamic religion are two links that cannot be separated from each other. The absorption of Arabic into Indonesian has a significant influence. Arabic has made a major contribution in the form of uptake of vocabulary and phrases, (Anon n.d.).
Between Arabic and Indonesian there are some similarities in the pronunciation of the vocabulary of religious terms, even though the two do not come from the same family. At first the Arabs came to the archipelago to trade.
It is estimated that around the 7-16th century AD Muslim traders from Persia, India and Arabia traded in Indonesia. Some opinions say that the Arab nation played a very strong role in the spread of Islam in Indonesia, they preached by introducing Islamic teachings little by little. When they interact with the local people of the archipelago, the Arabs bring Arabic traditions, culture and language to the archipelago. The spread of Arabic began with da'wah activities and marriages between Arab traders and local residents. Then the Arabic language is also deepened through Religious Education and teaching institutions such as Islamic boarding schools, which study the Koran and Islamic books in Arabic. This resulted in the adoption of several Arabic words and phrases in Indonesian, especially in the fields of religion, commerce, and colloquial terms, (Jannah 2020).
History writes, the origin of the Arabic language was born from the Semitic language family. According to Bernard Comrie, quoted by Merisa Rezi, the Semitic language is an ancient Arabic language which is still well preserved because it has 150 million users. Semitic is the name of a nation or group originating from the Middle East region, especially the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Iraq and the surrounding areas, (Rezi and Amrina 2019). The Semites are associated with Prophet Noah who is the third Prophet in Islam.
Through one of the descendants of his son named Sam, it is known that Noah This is because the Arabs are a group in Semitic languages. Despite having common characteristics, each Semitic language has differences in vocabulary, grammar, and dialect in different regions (Muta 2011). Such a phenomenon is a phenomenon of language interference or changing other language terms. This event can be said to be a deviant event, because it is out of the way of the rules of language. However, if we quote from the positive side, language interference can enrich the recipient's language and not harm the source language. Means language interference is not a mistake or failure in language. This is the process of using a foreign language. Unlike when speakers use the recipient language in dislocations of the source language, this phenomenon is included in language interference ( Thoyib and Hamida 2018) . Interference events generally occur in two kinds of languages that are mixed with each other. The interference factors include: First, the dominance of the mother tongue. This can be difficult when speakers are going to use a second or other language; Second, the influence of vocabulary. The vocabulary of the first language or mother tongue can influence the choice of words in the second language; Third, the influence of intonation pronunciation. Certain sounds in the second language may not be found in the mother tongue, so speakers replace them with sources of the second language with different vocabulary but one meaning; Fourth, cultural influences. With values, communication habits or socio-cultural conventions can affect the second language (Mustofa 2018) The arrival of the Arabic language to the archipelago brought with it culture and language, according to Edwart Sapr who was quoted by Abdul Chaer in his book, said that culture is very closely related to language. Because, language influences culture, language reflects beliefs, systems and values in a culture ( Chaer 2014) . In addition to its attachment to culture, language is also related to linguistics, one of the studies of linguistics is the study of phonology.
Mansoer Pateda quoted by Ade Nandang in his book said, Phonetics is a branch of phonology that discusses sound in terms of meaning and function. The The benefits of this research are to find out the differences in the forms of absorption processes in religious terms from Arabic to Indonesian, and to find out the differences between the two, as well as how to implement the absorption of Arabic-Indonesian vocabulary in phonological studies in the religious field.

Method
This research method uses with the type of literature study. Library Studies is an approach in research that involves an analysis of existing sources of information. This approach aims to gather knowledge through analysis of literature similar to current research. In this study, researchers referred to existing literature, such as books, journals and articles. In order to understand and rebuild existing knowledge on the topic of this research. The literature study data collection technique is the process of finding, collection, evaluating, and comping literature that is relevant to the research topic being discussed.

Results and Discussion
Various kinds of Indonesian vocabulary cannot be separated from the influence of the absorption of other languages. This is caused by interactions between languages, as Indonesian absorbs many foreign languages due to communication needs. The historical process of the Indonesian nation which is so long in terms of interaction with other foreign cultures and languages, causes an exchange of vocabulary. Trade and contracts between the Indonesian people and other countries also led to the absorption of words, many foreign language words and terms in the trade entered the Indonesian language. As well as the

Classification of the Process of Changing Sound Absorption from Arabic into Indonesian in Religious Terms.
Language absorption between one language and another is something that often happens, with an absorption process in which each language has its own rules and rules. The absorption of Arabic into Indonesian refers to the acceptance and adoption of words, phrases and expressions from Arabic into Indonesian. This is a common phenomenon in language development in the world. Arabic has a strong influence on Islam, many Islamic religious terms were adopted directly from Arabic into Indonesian. Also, through literature and writing, it is known that many written Arabic words entered Indonesian through Arabic literary works or writing. This process often occurs in authors or writers who have an educational background or knowledge of Arabic, (Santi T 2015) .  Apheresis is the process of removing pronunciation from Arabic into Indonesian. Afference is the process of removing sounds or syllables at the beginning of words in Arabic when they are adopted into Indonesian. the most common example of apheresis in the absorption of Arabic words into Indonesian is the omission of the sound " al " which is the article in Arabic, (Hidayah, Samingin , and Wijayanti 2018) . Syncope is the loss of a sound in the middle of a word. In borrowed words, syncope occurs when the sound or letter of the word in the original language disappears. The omission of these letters generally occurs in the middle letters.
(Syamsul Hadi 2003) absorbed, but this did not change the meaning and sacredness of the language.
This spelling change refers to the process of spelling Arabic vocabulary words in a form that matches Indonesian spelling. Because Arabic has a spelling system that is different from Indonesian. With this, several words from Arabic that are used in Indonesian experience spelling adjustments to facilitate pronunciation and understanding, (Nur 2014) .
In social life, language is needed by people to interact in everyday life. The large number of absorptions of Arabic words into Indonesian is a form of linguistic contribution, with this, Indonesian is increasingly rich in vocabulary which occurs due to absorption of foreign languages. Some of the factors behind the absorption of Arabic into Indonesian include, Islam is the majority religion in the archipelago, the holy book of Muslims is the Qur'an which uses Arabic as well as references to books of religious knowledge also use Arabic. Arab. Thus, many Islamic religious terms are taken from the language of the Qur'an or Arabic.
And the social context of Indonesian and Arabic countries also influences the absorption of these languages. Also, the history and relations between the Arabs and the Indonesians have been going well for centuries, it is not written in history that the Arabs once colonized the Indonesians, and vice versa, ( Raodhatul Jannah and Herdah 2022) .
Some spelling words originating from Arabic into Indonesian in terms of religion, include:

Studies in the Field of Religion
According to the perspective of Linguistic studies, Indonesian is a language that originates from Malay. Then it developed with the absorption of words from other languages which further enriched Indonesian spelling words.
Arabic is a source of absorption of Indonesian, especially in the religious field.
Some absorption words have shifted, but the meaning and intent of the utterances remain the same, without changing (Gunardi 2020) .

The implementation of the absorption of Arabic vocabulary into
Indonesian is as follows: 1) The basic word is religious vocabulary, as in the example Allah, Rabbi, Rasul, and so on, which are examples of absorption words that are widely used in Indonesian to refer to Islamic religious concepts and practices.
2) The absorption of Arabic words into Indonesian as a scientific field, in the scientific field, this is used to describe scientific and technical concepts.

Conclusion
Absorbance is the spelling of words obtained from one language to another. In the treasury of Indonesian vocabulary, there are several spellings that originate from the absorption of other languages, one of which is Arabic. This began when the Arabs came to Indonesia to do trade, besides that the Arabs also proclaimed their religion in Indonesia. In the process of introducing Islam, it was there that cultural and language interactions took place, namely Arabic began to be known by the people of the Archipelago. In its introduction, there was some absorption of Arabic into Indonesian. There are four classifications of the