Analisis Historis Terhadap Integrasi Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam Pada Masa Abbasiyah

Abstract

Abstrak: Sejak awal kekuasaannya, Dinasti Abbasiyah sangat memperhatikan perkembangan pendidikan. Hamper diseluruh wilayah Islam berdiri berbagai macam lembaga pendidikan. Lembaga-lembaga tersebut tersebar di perkotaan dan perdesaan. Perkembangan lembaga pendidikan yang demikian maju pada masa Dinasti Abbasiyah telah disertai dengan penataan kurikulum yang baik. Ketika itu terdapat tiga jenis kurikulum di madrasah-madrasah: kurikulum pendidikan rendah, menengah dan kurikulum pendidikan tinggi. Kurikulum pendidikan rendah bentuknya bervariasi, tergantung pada tingkat kebutuhan masyarakat. Namun secara umum kurikulum yang diajarkan ketika itu adalah belajar membaca, menulis, tata bahasa, hadits, prinsip-prinsip dasar matematika, dan syair. Selain itu ada pula yang menambahkan pelajaran nahwu dan cerita-cerita kepahlawanan Islam.bahkan ada kurikulum yang sebatas menghafal Al-Qur’an dan menkaji dasar-dasar ajaran Islam. Kurikulum pendidikan tinggi dibagi menjadi dua jurusan : jurusan ilmu-ilmu agama dan jurusan ilmu pengetahuan umum. Kurikulum agama terdiri dari fikih, nahwu, kalam, kitabah, dan lain-lain. Sedangkan kurikulum umum terdiri dari matematika, logika, ilmu angka-angka, geometri, astronomi, music, aritmatika, hukum-hukum geometri dan sebagainya.   Kata Kunci: Kurikulum, Abbasiyah   Abstract:Since the beginning of his power, The Abbasid dynasty paid great attention to the development of education. Almost all Islamic regions stand a variety of educational institutions. These institutions are scattered in urban and rural areas. The development of such an educational institution advanced during the Abbasid period has been accompanied by a good curriculum arrangement. At that time there were three types of curriculum in Madrasahs: low, middle, and higher education curricula. The lower education curriculum varies in form, depending on the level of community needs. But in general the curriculum taught at the time was learning to read, write, grammar, hadith, basic principles of mathematics, and poetry. In addition there are also add nahwu lessons and Islamic heroic stories.bahkan there is a curriculum that is merely memorize the Qur'an and examine the basics of Islamic teachings. The higher education curriculum is divided into two majors: the majors of the religious sciences and the general science department. The religious curriculum consists of fiqh, nahwu, kalam, kitabah, and others. While the general curriculum consists of mathematics, logic, numerology, geometry, astronomy, music, arithmetic, geometry laws and so on. Keywords: Curriculum, Abbasiyah