PRINSIP PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT MENURUT AL-QUR’AN (KAJIAN PADA SURAT AL-TAUBAH [9]: 103, DENGAN METODE TAHLILI DAN PENDEKATAN FIQHY)
Abstract
The management of zakat in modern times, has made a significant development, especially Musim-majority countries. Of course, it requires a theological foundation, either from the Qur'an or Sunnah (Prophet tradistions). The fragility of theological foundation will lead to possible criticism from Muslims. This study will answer two questions, first; how is the interpretation of the principle of zakat management based on QS al-Taubah: 103? Second, how is the viewpoints ulema (Muslim scholars, especially engaged in Islamic jurisprudence/figh) in interpreting the verse?This study uses a qualitative approach by using a descriptive-comparative-analytical study, namely describing the ulema interpretations related to the Surah al-Taubah: 103, coparing the viewpoints of fiqh ulema and then analyzing it critically. The comparative study uses several scholarly arguments of fiqh ulema.
This study concludes that basically zakat management is something that is very vital in the process of utilizing zakat as one of the economic pillars in the public distribution. The essential principle which must be addressed in the zakat management is the managerial aspect and professional, effective, skillful human resources that are capable of dealing with the entire forms of utilization of zakat, and this system can only be done by an agency or institution that is powerful and able to reach the whole area of the poor.
References
Al-Qur’an al-Karim
Abu Ubaid Qasim bin Salam, al-Amwal, Tahqiq Muhammad Imarah, Beirut: Dar al-Syuruq. 1989.
Abdul Halim Uwais, Musthalahat ‘Ulumul Quran, Al-Manshurah: Darul Wafa: 2006.
Abdurrahman bin Muhammad al-Sta’alabiy (w. 875 M), dalam al-Jawahir al-Hissan fi al-Tafsir al-Qur’an, http://www.altafsir.com.
Abdurrahman bin Nashir al-Sa’di (w. 1376 H), Taisir al-Karim al-Rahman fi Tafsiri Kalami al-Mannan, Tahqiq: Abdurrahman al-Luwaihiq tk: Muassasah al-Risalah, 2000.
Abu Ja’far al-Thabariy, Jami’ al-Bayan Fi Ta’wil al-Qur’an, Tahqiq: Ahmad Muhammad Syakir, (tk: Muassasah al-Risalah, 2000).
Abdurrahman Qodir, Zakat Dalam Dimesi Mahdah dan Sosial, Jakarta. RajaGrafindo Persada 1998.
Ahmad Warson Munawwir. Al-Munawwir Kamus Arab-Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Unit Pengadaan Buku-buku Ilmiah Keagamaan PP.â€Al-Munawwir†Krapyak, 1984.
Ahmad Mustafa al-Maraghi, Tafsir al-Maraghi, Bairut: Dar al-Fikr, 2006.
‘Ala’uddin Ali bin Muhammad, Lubab al-Ta’wil fi Ma’an al-Tanzil, http://www.altafsir.com.
Al-Zamakhsyari, al-Kassyaf, dalam http://www.altafsir.com
Didin Hafidhuddin, Zakat Dalam Perekonomian Modern, Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2006.
Fuad Hassan dan Koentjaraningrat. Beberapa Asas Metodologi Ilmiah, dalam Koentjaraningrat [ed], Metode-metode Penelitian Masyarakat. Jakarta: Gramadeia, 1977.
Husain bin Mas’ud al-Baghawiy, Ma’alim al-Tanzil, Tahqiq: Muhammad Abdullah al-Namr, tk: Dar al-Thaibah li al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi’, 1997.
Ibnu Taymiyah. Muqaddimat fi Ushul al-Tafsir. Kuwait: Dar al-Qur’an al-Karim, 1971/1391.
Muqowin, Metode Tafsir, Makalah Seminar al-Qur’an Program Pasca Sarjana [S-2] IAIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 18 Desember 1997.
Muhammad Sayyid Thanthawi, al-Tafsir al-Wasith, http://www.altafsir.com.
M. Quraish Shihab, Tafsir al-Misbah; Pesan, Kesan dan Keserasian al-Qur’an, Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2002.
Muhammad Rashid Ridha, Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Hakim (al-Manar), Bairut: Dar al-Fikr, 2007.
Nashruddin Baidan. Metodologi Penafsiran al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1988
Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid. Al-Ittijah al-Aqly fi al-Tafsir Fi Qadliyah al-Majaz fiy al-Qur’an ‘inda al-Mu’tazilah. Beirut: al-Markaz al-Tsaqafly al-Araby, 1996.
Syihabuddin Mahmud al-Alusiy, Ruh al-Ma’aniy fi Tafsiri Qur’an al-Adhim wa Sab’il Mastani, http://www.altafsir.com.
Saifuddin, Peranan Badan Amil Zakat Berdasarkan Undang - Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 1999 Tentang Pengelolaan Zakat Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Sosial Masyarakat Sumatera Utara (Studi Pada Badan Amil Zakat Daerah Sumatera Utara), Tesis Medan: Program Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatra Utara, 2011.
Tim Penyusun. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1988
Wahbah al-Zuhaili, al-Tafsir al-Wasith, Bairut: Dar al-Fikr, 2000.
--------, al-Tafsir al-Munir fi al-‘Aqidah wa al-Syariah wa al-Manhaj, Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 2007.
Wahtini, “Di Mana Peran Zakat dalam Mengentas Kemiskinan?â€, http://zakat.pkpu.or.id, diunduh tanggal 25 Maret 2013.
Yahya bin Syaraf al-Nawawi, Syarh al-Nawawi ‘ala Shahih al-Muslim, Bairut: Dar Ihya al-Turats al-‘Arabi, 1392 H.
Copyright (c) 2016 Al Hikmah: Jurnal Studi Keislaman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak Cipta dari artikel yang diterima oleh Al Hikmah: Jurnal Studi Keislaman bisa disebarkan untuk publik
