SIGNIFIKANSI PERANGKAT IJTIHAD DALAM KAJIAN UṢHŪL FIQH

Abstract

Abstract. Islamic law contains all human benefits, both the benefit of the world and
the hereafter, the benefit of individuals and groups. Human welfare is regulated in
such a way through legal instruments and their arguments. Ijtihad is a term that is
quite popular among Muslims, especially in the study of Islamic law. In today's era,
there are many differences in Ma'hab in Islamic law caused by ijtihad. All of that can
not be separated from the results of ijtihad and all certainly strive to find the best
law. Precisely with ijtihad, Islam is more flexible, dynamic, flexible according to the
dynamics of the times, and Islamic law is not silent in dealing with the increasingly
complex problems of life. Ijtihad is an effort made by a faqih in earnest to extract a
syara' law from detailed arguments. The laws of ijtihad vary according to the
conditions faced by the mujtahids. Ijtihad is divided into several parts according to
the point of view, including in terms of the arguments that are used as guidelines, in
terms of its implementation, in terms of whether or not it is possible to stop ijtihad
activities, and in terms of the results achieved by ijtihad. The ijtihad method consists
of qiyas, istihsan, maslahah mursalah, istishab, 'urf, and sadd dzarai'. Ijtihad has
continued to develop from the time of the Prophet Muhammad to the present day.
Therefore, the historical description of ijtihad can serve as a benchmark to see the
importance of ijtihad's position in the present context which is marked by changes in
various fields of life.
Keyword: Device, ijtihad, study of uṣūl fiqh