Transformasi Peran Sosial-Keagamaan Pesantren Aswaja dalam Arsitektur Moderasi Beragama di Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia, as a multicultural nation, faces serious challenges due to rising religious intolerance and radicalism, which demand effective strategies to reinforce religious moderation. This study aims to identify, synthesize, and analyze the contributions of the Ahlussunnah wal Jama’ah (Aswaja)-based pesantren’s religious and social practices in constructing the architecture of religious moderation, focusing on Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Ulum Panyeppen in Pamekasan. Utilizing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research explores the lived experiences and interpretations of religious actors—including kiai, ustaz, senior students, and community members—through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and institutional documentation. The findings reveal that the pesantren effectively translates Aswaja values such as tawassuth (moderation), tasamuh (tolerance), and tawazun (balance) into its curriculum, preaching methods, and inclusive social relations. This confirms that traditional pesantren can act as transformative agents, adapting to pluralistic realities while reaffirming Aswaja as a theological foundation for religious moderation in Indonesia. The study offers a locally rooted praxis model of religious moderation with relevance for both academic inquiry and public policy development.