SINTAKSIS BAHASA ARAB (SEBUAH KAJIAN DESKRIPTIF)
Abstract
Di dalam perkembangannya, siktaksis bahasa Arab (nahwu) mulai ditulis oleh Abul Aswab ad-Du’ali atas saran Khalifah Ali bin Abi Thalib. Kemudian mengalami perkembangan mulai dari kota Basrah, Kufah, Bagdad, Mesir, dan Andalusia. Adapun selanjutnya kota-kota tersebut menjadi pusat mazhab-mazhab nahwu yang dikenal hingga masa kini. Di dalam sintaksis bahasa Arab (Nahwu) terdapat kedudukan serta fungsi bagi masing-masing kata di dalam sebuah kalimat, seperti mubtada’, khabar, fi’il, fa’il, dan maf’ul. Oleh karenanya, tulisan ini mencoba mengurai kedudukan dan fungsi kata dalam suatu kalimat. Tulisan ini telah menyajikan bahwa dari segi makna, struktur sintaksis bahasa Arab terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu makna umum dan makna khusus. Makna sintaksis umum adalah makna gramatikal secara umum yang dapat dipahami dari sebuah kalimat atau ungkapan. Contoh:Ø£Øمد مساÙر  (makna sintaksis: kalimat berita; Ahmad pergi). Adapun makna sintaksis khusus adalah gramatikal yang dipahami melalui kedudukan kata dalam kalimat. Contoh: قرأ الولد  (makna khusus dari al-waladu adalah fa’il/subyek). Kata Kunci: Bahasa Arab, Tata Bahasa, SintaksisReferences
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