OPTIMISTIC VIEW OF LIFE IN ELEANOR H. PORTER’S POLLYANNA (1913)
Abstract
The major problem of this study is the optimistic view of life reflected in Eleanor Porter’s Pollyanna (1913). The aims of this study are to describe Pollyanna portrayal in Eleanor H. Porter’s Pollyanna novel, to explain Pollyanna’s self-concept in novel, and to describe needs and motives underlie Pollyanna’s behavior. This study focuses on the major character, namely Pollyanna. The type of the study is qualitative research. The method of data collection is documentation, while the technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis.
The result of this study shows the following conclusion. Firstly, based on the portrayal analysis of Pollyanna, the researcher concludes that Pollyanna as the major character in this novel has flat character. Pollyanna’s character has one side of personality, namely positive. From the beginning of the story until the end of the story, Pollyanna’s personal identity, physical qualities, moral qualities, mental qualities, and social qualities are positive. Secondly, based on humanistic psychological analysis of Carl Rogers, Eleanor H. Porter’s Pollyanna novel shows that the major character, Pollyanna, builds positive self concept. Thirdly, based on humanistic psychological analysis of Abraham Maslow, Pollyanna’s behavior generally is based on belongingness and love needs.
Â
Key words: optimistic, view of life, Pollyanna, Humanistic PsychologyReferences
Coon, Dennis. 1980. Introduction to Psychology: Exploration and Application. USA: West Publishing Co.
Creswell, J.W. 1998. Qualitative and Inquiry Research design: Choosing Among Five Traditions.London: Sage.
___________. 2012. Qualitative Inquiry and Research design: Choosing Among Five Approaches Third Edition.London:Sage.
Dember, William N and Larry Penwell. 2000. Happiness, depression, and the Pollyanna Principle. University ofCincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Hall, Calvin S, Lindzey Gardner. 1985. Thoeries of Personality. Second edition.New York: John Wiley and Sons. Inc.
Hamidayanti. 2013. An Analysis of moral value of the main character in Pollyanna a novel by Eleanor H. Porter. Ahmad Dahlan University.
Hjelle, L and Ziegler, D. 1981. Personalities Theories: Basic Assumption, Research and Application. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hjelle, Larry A, and Ziegler, Daniel J. 1992. Personality Theories: Basic Assumptions, Research and Applications. New York. McGraw-Hill. Inc
Kennedy, X.J. 1983. Literature: an Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama.Third edition.Boston: Little Brown and company.
Kenney, William. 1966. How to Analyze Fiction. New York: Monarch Press
Klarer, Mario. 2004. Introduction to Literary Studies.London: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
Munfarida. 2009. Self-Actualization in William Somerset Maugham’s of Human Bondage: Humanistic Psychological Approach.Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Nugroho, Arief Mono. 2008. The important of self-concept in Charles Dickens novel’s David Copperfield: A Humanistic Psychological Approach.Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Rabiega, Joseph and Brooke J. Cannon. 2003. The Relationship of Optimism with Psychological and Physical Well-Being.Marywood University.
Rosita, Nanik. 2004. Motive and its influence on the Major Character’s behavior in Danielle Steel’s Remembrance: Humanistic Psychological Approach. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Sari, Wati Purnama. 2012. The Character Analysis of Pollyanna Whittier in Eleanor H. Porter’s Novel Entitled Pollyanna By Using Psychological Approach From Carl Jung’s Theory.Gunadarma University.
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S.1987. Dispositional optimism and physical well-being: the influence of generalized expectancies on health. Journal of Personality.
Schweizer, K., Beck-Seyffer, A. & Schneider, R. 1999. Cognitive bias of optimism and its influence on psychological well-being. Psychological Reports.
Seligman, M. 1998. Learned Optimism. New York, NY: Pocket Books.
Susanti, Susi. 2013. Optimism of Larry Crowne Reflected in Tom Hank’s Larry Crowne Movie (2011): An Individual Psychological Approach. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Wellek, Rane and Austin Warren. 1963. Theory of Literature.New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Company.Inc.
Wibowo, Randri. 2007. The Optimism of Julia Stanford in Sydney Sheldon’s Morning, Noon, and Night: An Individual Psychological Approach. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Wishell, Cyntia. 2005. Stylistic and Emotional Analyses of Eleanor H. Porter’s Novel Pollyanna Using the New Dictionary of Affects.Laurentian University.
Zimbardo, Phillip C. 1980. Essential of Psychology and Life. 10th – Ed.Glenview Scott, Foresman and co.
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
http://www.planetpdf.com/Pollyanna_eleanor_h_porter Accessed on November 28th, 2013 at 10:43 a.m.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollyanna Accessed on November 30th, 2013 at 09:20 p.m
http://en.wikipediaorg/wiki/optimistic accessed on December 4th, 2013 at 10:19 a.m
http://id.shvoong.com/books/novel-novella/2147281Pollyanna/#ixzz2mNX7m6G Accessed on 8th December 2013 at 07:48 p.m
http://www.planetebook.com/Pollyanna.asp Accessed on 10th December 2013 at 04:02 p.m
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimism Accessed on 19th December 2013 10:17 p.m
http://en.wikipediaorg/wiki/maslow_hiearchy_of_need Accessed on 7th May 2014 11.18 a.m
http://en.wikipedia/org/wiki/maslows Accessed on 10th May 2014 01.14 p.m
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/portrayal Accessed on 12th May 2014 04.19 p.m
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-concept Accessed on 15th May 2014 08.40 a.m
http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree /maslow.html Accessed on 8th May 2014 10.19 a.m
