HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN SUAMI ISTRI DALAM HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA

Abstrak

         Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hak dan kewajiban suami istri dalam rumah tangga menurut perspektif Islam serta hukum positif di Indonesia. Dalam Islam, keseimbangan antara hak dan kewajiban merupakan prinsip utama dalam membangun rumah tangga yang harmonis. Suami memiliki tanggung jawab utama dalam memberikan nafkah dan perlindungan kepada istri, sementara istri memiliki kewajiban untuk menaati suaminya dalam perkara yang ma’ruf serta menjaga kehormatan rumah tangga. Selain perspektif Islam, penelitian ini juga mengkaji hak dan kewajiban suami istri berdasarkan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan di Indonesia untuk memahami bagaimana hukum nasional mengatur hubungan dalam rumah tangga. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Sumber data yang digunakan meliputi Al-Qur’an, hadis, kitab-kitab fikih klasik dan kontemporer, serta peraturan perundang-undangan seperti Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) dan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk memahami konsep hak dan kewajiban suami istri dalam konteks hukum Islam dan hukum positif di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Islam dan hukum nasional menekankan keseimbangan serta keadilan dalam hubungan suami istri. Suami memiliki hak untuk ditaati dalam perkara yang ma’ruf dan diperlakukan dengan baik oleh istri, sementara istri berhak mendapatkan nafkah yang layak serta perlakuan yang penuh kasih sayang. Implementasi hak dan kewajiban yang seimbang ini berperan penting dalam menjaga keharmonisan rumah tangga serta menciptakan lingkungan keluarga yang Islami dan sesuai dengan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Abstract This research aims to analyze the rights and obligations of husbands and wives in a household from the perspective of Islam as well as positive law in Indonesia. In Islam, the balance between rights and obligations is a fundamental principle in building a harmonious household. The husband has the primary responsibility to provide for and protect his wife, while the wife is obligated to obey her husband in matters that are considered good (ma’ruf) and to maintain the honor of the household. In addition to the Islamic perspective, this study also examines the rights and obligations of husbands and wives based on the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) and the Marriage Law in Indonesia to understand how national law regulates household relationships. This research was conducted using qualitative methods with a literature study approach. The data sources include the Qur'an, hadith, classical and contemporary fiqh texts, as well as legislation such as the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) and Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. The analysis was performed using a descriptive approach to understand the concepts of rights and obligations of husbands and wives within the context of Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia. The findings indicate that both Islam and national law emphasize balance and justice in the husband-wife relationship. The husband has the right to be obeyed in matters that are good and to be treated well by his wife, while the wife is entitled to receive adequate financial support and loving treatment. The implementation of these balanced rights and obligations plays a crucial role in maintaining household harmony and creating a family environment that is Islamic and compliant with existing laws in Indonesia.